ZALA - Employment
Higher than average employment in the secondary sector
In 2001, there were 133 162 economically active persons in Zala: women represented a slightly higher share in the county (45.2%) compared to the country as a whole (45.0%). In 2001, the number of persons in employment was 128 740 in the county. In 2001, two thirds of the total population was of working age, i.e. between 15 and 64 years of age.
The share of employment in agriculture in 2001 was equal to 5.8% of employment in Zala, below the national average of 6.3%. In 2001, the share of employment in secondary sector was of 40.8%. The share of tertiary sector reaches 53.4% of the total employment in 2001. The national shares in employment for the secondary and tertiary sectors were respectively to 34.6% and 59.1%.
As far as the number of employees is concerned, within the secondary sector, the manufacturing accounted for 81% of their number in 2001, and construction had a share of 13%. Within the tertiary sector, commerce accounted for 19% of the number of employees, transport and telecommunication for 15% and education, health and social work as well as public administration and defence accounted each for 14%.
In 2001, 95.3% of the employees of the county had full-time jobs, against 96.1% in 1995. These shares were respectively 94% and 94.3% for the total country. Around 93.3% of employees in the tertiary sector are full-time employees, while this share is 97.3% for the secondary sector and 96.2% for the primary sector. As for the country as a whole, the tertiary sector had the highest share of part-time employees. Since 1995, the share of part-time employees has remained constant in the primary sector, whereas in the secondary and tertiary sector this has increased respectively by 0.5 and 1.1 percentage points. In the country as a whole, the shares have increased in all sectors, (+0.8 percentage points for primary sector, +0.6 percentage points for secondary sector and +0.1 percentage points for tertiary sector).
Average total earnings
There are differences of wages between the different sectors of activity. In average, an employee in Zala earned Euro 4 083 in 2001 (Euro 4 832 for the total country). The worst paid were the employees of the primary sector with Euro 3 257 per year and per employee in 2001 (Euro 3 373 for the country), followed by employees of the tertiary sector with Euro 4 016 (Euro 4 991 for the country). The best-paid are those employed in the secondary sector with Euro 4 243 (Euro 4 747 for the country). Within the tertiary sector there were very important differences: the persons working in trade and repair were the lowest paid of the sector, with average earnings of Euro 3 150 while employees in the financial sector earned an average of Euro 6 494. These two domains of activities were the two extremes concerning earnings in the tertiary sector. However the best paid in the economy were employees in mining and quarrying.
High share of women in unemployment
In the 1990s unemployment climbed to over 10% as a result of the collapse of economic ties with the East European markets and the decrease in domestic consumption.
The drawing capacity of the earlier employment centres (Zalaegerszeg, Nagykanizsa) has weakened, but the negative consequences have been ameliorated to a significant degree by the job opportunities (especially in the building industry) that have opened up in nearby Austria, and in Bavaria.
In 2001, about 4 400 persons were unemployed, corresponding to an unemployment rate of 3.3% of the working population. This was the lowest rate compared to the other Hungarian counties: the national unemployment rate was of 5.7%.
In the same year, 2.9% of men of working age were unemployed against 3.8% of women. Men represented 48.6% of unemployed, while this share was 60.9% at the national level.
Around 6.1% of young people of working age aged less than 25 were in unemployment. (at the national level, this share was 11.3%). Around 19% of total unemployed people were aged less than 25 years, while this proportion was 23.6% for Hungary as a whole.
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