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| Data on gender pay gaps need to be interpreted with caution |
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| Table 4 presents a breakdown of hourly earnings for the NACE aggregates C-F, G-K and C-K by sex. The average hourly earnings for woman are in all three NACE categories uniformly below male’s earnings. Figure 7 shows the gender pay gap, expressed as women’s earnings in percentages of men’s earnings, for "Industry and services" (default). Table 4 and Figure 7 do not include any breakdown by personal characteristics of employees or by variables related to the enterprise. Differences observed in average earnings do not necessarily reflect a gap in pay between women and men occupying the same job with the same level of seniority. Hence, one has to take a closer look at key determinants of earnings, such as occupation, educational level, work experience or size of the enterprise. Earnings comparisons for men and women working in comparable "job cells" (comparable occupation, educational level, age, same enterprise) lead to more meaningful adjusted measures for gender-specific earnings inequalities. |
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| Figure 7 |
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| Suggestions for data exploration: |
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| Identify the size of the non-adjusted gender pay gap separately for "Industry" (C-F) and "Services" (G-K) by choosing the appropriate NACE aggregate and by putting the mouse on top of the bars. |
| Investigate the non-adjusted gender pay gap also for individual economic activities, in particular in "Construction" (section F). |
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