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| Hourly labour costs in the Candidate Countries |
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| Table 2 presents hourly labour costs for the year 2000 in 11 of the 13 Candidate Countries, again disaggregated by economic acitivities. The sections C - F of NACE Rev. 1 relate to "Industry" whereas G - K cover "Services". |
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Candidate
Countries |
Economic activity (NACE Rev.1) |
| C |
D |
E |
F |
G |
H |
I |
J |
K |
C - F |
G - K |
C - K |
| BG |
1.35 |
2.26 |
1.22 |
2.51 |
1.09 |
0.96 |
0.89 |
1.64 |
2.44 |
1.36 |
1.34 |
1.12 |
| CY |
10.74 |
12.08 |
9.02 |
18.98 |
9.92 |
9.82 |
8.63 |
12.27 |
15.84 |
9.90 |
11.16 |
10.51 |
| CZ |
3.90 |
4.91 |
3.58 |
4.78 |
3.60 |
3.89 |
2.94 |
4.08 |
6.89 |
3.70 |
4.22 |
4.18 |
| EE |
3.03 |
4.01 |
2.81 |
3.51 |
2.73 |
2.68 |
1.82 |
3.54 |
6.66 |
2.91 |
3.16 |
2.99 |
| HU |
3.83 |
4.93 |
3.68 |
5.34 |
2.86 |
3.09 |
2.32 |
4.33 |
7.61 |
3.74 |
3.95 |
4.07 |
| LT |
2.71 |
3.24 |
2.57 |
3.40 |
2.41 |
2.28 |
1.74 |
3.06 |
4.93 |
2.65 |
2.78 |
3.00 |
| LV |
2.42 |
2.23 |
2.18 |
3.60 |
2.00 |
1.78 |
1.54 |
3.14 |
4.89 |
2.28 |
2.56 |
2.63 |
| PL |
4.48 |
7.36 |
3.95 |
5.73 |
4.01 |
4.03 |
3.00 |
4.98 |
6.66 |
4.32 |
4.71 |
4.83 |
| RO |
1.51 |
2.49 |
1.28 |
2.32 |
1.11 |
1.10 |
1.01 |
2.09 |
3.99 |
: |
: |
1.31 |
| SI |
8.98 |
11.65 |
8.19 |
11.10 |
7.58 |
8.73 |
7.41 |
10.18 |
14.34 |
8.30 |
10.07 |
11.21 |
| SK |
3.06 |
3.85 |
3.05 |
2.75 |
2.95 |
2.64 |
2.39 |
3.35 |
4.45 |
3.02 |
3.12 |
3.26 |
| CC |
3.47 |
4.96 |
3.09 |
4.18 |
2.95 |
3.20 |
2.62 |
3.93 |
6.45 |
3.25 |
3.82 |
3.89 |
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| Table 2: Hourly labour costs 2000 in the Candidate Countries in Euro |
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| The row "CC" displays averages for the economic sections. The labour costs differences between the countries are substantial. For "Industry and Services" (C - K), average hourly costs ranged from 1.12 Euro (Bulgaria) to 11.21 Euro (Slovenia). The table also reveals marked differences between different economic acitivities within a country. In Cyprus, for instance, the lowest hourly costs were observed in section I (transport, storage and communication, 8.63 Euro), the highest in section F (construction, 18.98 Euro). |
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| Comparison of Table 2 and Table 1 shows that the average level of labour costs differ enormously between the two country sets. The ratio EU / CC of the averages of hourly labour costs over each country set, displayed in the last rows of the tables, varies between 4.6 (manufacturing, section D) and 9.7 (financial intermediation, section J). Please note that these huge differences do not take into account differences in labour productivity. |
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